Soil Mechanics Laboratory Manual [PDF] Geotech Engineering Manual

To study about materials is very essential for civil engineers. Civil Engineers deal with variety of materials like concrete, cement, aggregates, soil, bricks and various others that are used to construct or to support some structural load.

The ultimate destination of load for any structure is soil. Soil absorbs as well as dissipates the load by stress phenomenon. As stress is defined as force by area, greater the area lower the stress as soil comprises of endless surface area this not only reduces the load but actually it distributes it to an infinite area that helps the structure to stand without any notable settling or destruction.

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After the preliminary survey, in any project, there comes bundles of experiments that are to be performed to test the soil or geo-technical performance.

Foundation or footing, the part of the structure that comes in direct contact for delivering the load directly to the soil, dictates the failure or success of the project. Any negligence in design of foundation will be devastating for the structure which is not only dangerous for occupants but also for the neighbors.
Before the design of foundation, geotech engineer has to test the bearing capacity, shear capacity, permeability, frost susceptibility etc. All these tests have to be performed according to some standards mostly AASHTO and ASTM.

About Lab Manual

Soil Mechanics or Geotechnical Engineering lab manual shared in this post will complete your need to test the soil for all sorts of parameters needed in a project. The lab manual has step by step guide along with pictures for easy understanding and it also includes step by step guide to draw graphs by using a personal computer excel sheets.

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Download Rock Slope Engineering & Civil and Mining by Duncan C Wyllie & Christopher W Mah [PDF]

A variety of engineering activities require excavation of rock cuts. In civil engineering, projects include transportation systems such as highways and railways, dams for power production and water supply, and industrial and urban development. In mining, open pits account for the major portion of the world’s mineral production. 

The dimensions of open pits range from areas of a few hectares and depths of less than 100 m, for some high grade mineral deposits and quarries in urban areas, to areas of hundreds of hectares and depths as great as 800 m, for low grade ore deposits. The overall slope angles for these pits range from near vertical for shallow pits in good quality rock to flatter than 30◦ for those in very poor quality rock.  

"Download Rock Slope Engineering & Civil and Mining by Duncan C Wyllie & Christopher W Mah"

Title of the Book

Rock Slope Engineering

Civil and Mining

Edition of the Book

4th Edition

Download Rock Slope Engineering & Civil and Mining by Duncan C Wyllie & Christopher W Mah

Authors 

Duncan C Wyllie

& Christopher W Mah

Contents of the Book

1. Principles of Rock Slope Design

2. Structural Geology and Data Interpretation

3. Site Investigation and Geological data collection

4. Rock Strength Properties and their measurement

5. Ground Water

6. Plane Failure

7. Wedge Failure

8. Circular Failure

9. Toppling Failure

10. Numerical Analysis

11. Blasting

12. Stabilizing of Rock Slopes

13. Movement Monitoring

14. Civil Engineering Applications

15. Mining Applications

16. Appendix 1,2,3,4

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Download Geotechnical Consideration in design of Pile Foundation [ppt] - Civil Engineering Presentations

Piles are the columnar elements in the foundations which have function of transferring loads from super structure through week compressible strata or through water onto stiffened or more compact and less compressible soils. 

What are piles?

They may be required to carry uplift loads when used to support tall structures subjected to overturning forces from wind or waves. 

Piles used in marine structures are subjected to lateral loads from the impact of berthing ships and from waves. 

Combinations of vertical and horizontal loads are carried where piles are used to support to support retaining walls, bridge piers and abutments and machinery foundations.

Presentaiton on Geotechnical Considerations in design of Pile foundation [ppt]

When to use piles?

When the upper soil layer (s) is highly compressible and too weak to support the load transmitted by the superstructure, piles are used to transmit the load to underlying bed rock as shown in figure. 

When bed rock is not located at reasonable depth, piles are used to gradually transmit structural load to the soil. The resistance to the applied structure load is derived mainly from the frictional resistance developed at the soil-pile interface as shown in figure 

When subjected to horizontal forces, piles foundation can resist by bending, while still supporting vertical loads transmitted by the superstructure. This situation is generally encountered in the design and construction of earth retaining structures and foundation of tall structures that are subjected to high wind and earth quake forces 

In many cases, expensive and collapsible soils may be encountered at the site, the soil may extend to a great depth below the ground surface. Expansive soil swells and shrinks depending on increase or decrease of moisture content. The swelling pressure of such soils can be considerably high. Pile foundations are best alternate when piles are extended beyond the active zone, which undergo swelling and shrinking.

Foundations of such structures, such as transmission towers of offshore platforms and basement mats below the water table are subjected to uplifting pressure. Piles are sometimes used for these foundations to resist the uplifting forces.

Bridge abutments and piers are occasionally constructed over pile foundations to avoid the possible loss of bearing capacity that a shallow foundation might suffer because of soil erosion at the ground surface. 

Note: all pictures are in presentation

Classification of Piles

The British Code of Practice for Foundations (BS 8004) places piles in three categories:

• Large Displacement Piles
• Small Displacement Piles
• Replacement Piles

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It is a very comprehensive Presentation that will lead you a step by step procedure from start and introduction about geo-technical considerations in the design of pile foundation. You can easily download the file by clicking any of the links below;

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